Talk:Poneglyph

Poneglyph Category
This is a minor thing I suppose, but shouldn't the category for Poneglyphs be deleted since they are all on this page now? I'll go ahead and remove it from this page. --Markman81 09:40, 31 March 2007 (UTC)

Dials Again
Better to have a strong page... Then several weak ones. Again like with Dials Joekido, and Blank History stuff, better to have it all together. There isn't enough on each to fill a page and they kinda support each other here together, which they don't on their own. One-Winged Hawk 00:24, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

In which episode Luffy and Zoro find the poneglyph half-buried at Alabasta desert?

I got a big question
Maybe I mess with my question so here are some points to understand it better:

The Rio Poneglyph is at Raftel, this phoneglyph reveals the real history of the world All other phoneglypsh reveal where are the weapons One Piece is at Raftel too Raftel is nearly impossible to reach Gol D. Roger make every pirate to go afte the treasure Gol D. Roger understood the Poneglyph symbols He made it to Raftel

So here is my question, If all above is true Roger knew the real history(maybe Raleigh too), but he couldnt tell it to the world(because of his illnes, because he is a pirate...) and he left the One Piece on purpose.

To make all pirates go not for the treasure but for the true itself, maybe he hope someone could undertand it too...and he didnt move the Poneglyph(like the Shandians) because the WG could find it easier and destroy it... I hope you could help me.Jd0064 01:43, 10 July 2008 (UTC)

It's all speculation for now, and to tell the truth, I've been thinking the same thing as you. Maybe the One Piece's origins are closely related to the truth, but to have them both be the same thing might disappoint some people. One Piece might even just be an intangible ideal.

If One Piece was really comprised of the Rio Poneglyph's truths, one would wonder why he didn't tell the world before he turned himself in - why would he let himself be executed and wait over twenty years for the truth to come out again? He may have been sick, but a lot of people did hear his speech before his death. He could have yelled out the truth before he died, instead of telling people to find the One Piece.

However, as a counter-argument, one could say that he had no choice but to keep the truth secret until another group of people strong enough to defend its ideals came along, since he knew he didn't have long to live. Then, along comes the Strawhats `-` So far, I think it's safe to believe that Luffy and his gang will indeed reach Raftel and, being strong enough to do so, find the One Piece (possibly as the Rio Poneglyph itself, in the sense of this argument...) and expose the forgotten truths.

However, knowing Oda, it could still be something completely different. Of course, all this only further proves how adept Oda really is at creating such an engrossing storyline ;) But I think I've written too much ._.

Sephirona 04:53, 10 July 2008 (UTC)


 * First off, everyone has the wrong impression of the Rio, it is the poneglyph you form when you combine all the others together. Hence why they say "The route to the rio poneglyph".  We shouldn't really be discussing forum-like topics on the wikia.  My guess though on why he choose not to tell is that he possibly knew his life wouldn't be long enough to act on the truths revealed because he was about to die.  In other words, he left it up to another to do what he could not. --One-Winged Hawk 07:43, 10 July 2008 (UTC)


 * Anyways thank you very much,Jd0064 14:24, 10 July 2008 (UTC)

In that sense, couldn't the "One" in One Piece stand for the unification of all the truths? @_@ But yeah, this seems more like a forum topic... :< Ah well. Sephirona 19:20, 10 July 2008 (UTC)


 * That is a common fan theory, yes. --One-Winged Hawk 17:30, 16 July 2008 (UTC)

Other Poneglyph
During Robin's flashback to her past, there is one point where we see her reading an unidentified poneglyph. It's not mentioned on this page, and I wasn't sure if it was in the manga, but it should be mentioned.--24.255.171.220 18:39, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

defenitly should be,i'm adding some info about it,but i got no idea how to find make a suitable picture,so if somebody knows,be my guest The Humaniod Typhoon 14:23, June 19, 2011 (UTC)

Man...its the OHARA PONEGLYPH http://onepiece.wikia.com/wiki/Poneglyph#Ohara_Poneglyph 14:27, June 19, 2011 (UTC)

were not talking of that one....i forgot the name,but it was 2 or 3 chapter after the chapter "Saul" --The Humaniod Typhoon 14:40, June 19, 2011 (UTC)

I found it.... Now I don't really know if it really has to be put into this article, but you should make it, add to it a reference http://www.mangareader.net/103-2505-7/one-piece/chapter-398.html and we'll see what will happen, if it is completely approved of. 14:52, June 19, 2011 (UTC)

OMG making a reference is sooooo hard,i tried like 7 times in a row to make it! that code is even more complicated then quantumfysica! --The Humaniod Typhoon 15:05, June 19, 2011 (UTC)

Gol D. Roger
It's mentioned in the article that Roger read the Belfry poneglyph and the Raftel poneglyph. I'm not 100%, but I'm pretty sure Rayleigh made it clear Roger couldn't decipher the poneglyphs. Should this be reworded to make that a little less confusing?


 * Yeah, if you can write it better be our guest. He could hear "the voice of all things", though I also note he wrote that message on the beflry poneglyph.  Yeah saying he could read it, as in STUDY it, is incorrect... And yes, the whole thing is very confusing, I wish we'd been given more info on it. One-Winged Hawk 23:16, 16 March 2009 (UTC)

Better Image
Can someone get a better image of the unknown poneglyph? You can't see any of the text. It just looks like a blank piece of slate. If the anime image is no good we should go back to the one from the manga. 04:31, September 1, 2011 (UTC)

Done, but the text can't be seen to begin with (aside from a close up on a sentence in the scene before).

A manga link for the poneglyph. Colored page http://mangaonlinehere.com/read-online/One-Piece---Digital-Colored-Comics-Vol-41-Ch-398-Declaration-of-War Feroza (talk) 06:35, March 8, 2016 (UTC)

Skypiea poneglyph
There's only the one at the bell. The text Robin found in the ruins were never referred to as poneglyph. She only says "It's the same ancient 'poneglyph' script." in the chapter. My little brother posted an image of the raw on mangahelpers: -- [ defchris ] · [ Diskussion ] · 23:42, December 30, 2011 (UTC)


 * I think so too. Also, Robin just said "some poneglyphs contain information, and the others contain indications to find the latter". She never said that the wall in Shandora was a poneglyph indicating the position of the belfry one. That would be stupid anyway, since the belfry was right in the center of the town... So the IP's edit totally made sense.

The rock that the text was on was not part of the original wall. Also, the fact that there is ancient text on it almost automatically make it a poneglyph. It's an all or nothing deal with ancient text in this case. Otherwise, why would the government outlaw research only on things refered to as poneglyphs? That's like saying it's illegal to read any of the even numbered Harry Potter books but the odd numbered ones are ok. 03:34, December 31, 2011 (UTC)

The government forbids research about decyphering poneglyphs, so that includes any text similar to that of poneglyphs. I fail to see the problem. Thing is, Robin never said it was a poneglyph, so that's kinda speculating to state so. Plus, it's actually more likely that it not be a poneglyph, given Robin's attitude (she clearly does not care as much as when she finds the belfry or the Ryugu ones) and the fact that it's useless (the real poneglyph was originally right next to it). So the speculation gets really problematic. This should be clearer about what we know and what we don't know.

I agree that it is not a Poneglyph, just ruins with Ancient Text, if you think about it, those ruins are about as old as the poneglyph themselves, so that might be the same language. It isn't weird to thin that that is the language used during the void century or something like that.

The type of stone is different from the rest of the wall. Besides, she does say it's a poneglyph. http://www.mangareader.net/103-2379-2/one-piece/chapter-272.html on that page and the next two pages she refers to multiple poneglyphs in the city. At this point it would just be ignorant to think that that rock isn't a poneglyph because she called it a rock one time 31 chapters later. 17:22, December 31, 2011 (UTC)

Klobis doesn't seem to think both of the stones are poneglyphs, judging by his edit.
 * 海賊-姫 20:50, December 31, 2011 (UTC)

Can someone like Klobis or JapaneseOPfan help out here? It's really turning into an edit war now!
 * 海賊-姫 03:55, January 1, 2012 (UTC)

Mangareader translation cannot be used as proof since it is false. Your article creates confusion and was object of a big mess in mangahelpers recently

http://mangahelpers.com/forum/showthread.php/62132-One-Piece-Mega-Convo-Thread-the-3rd-Chapter?p=2723239&viewfull=1#post2723239

There is only one poneglyph in skypiea. Robin never says that there was 2 on each location she just said there are 2 types of poneglyph and that skypiea one is a tablet of clue. Plus she obviously knew that from long ago.

Here is the translation of stephen from chapter 272, it clearly shows that the 'supposed first poneglyph' is not one for Robin but just an indication that the real one is close to the bell

- Page 150 - Robin: ...I don't believe it. ...the ancient writing of the "Poneglyphs"... and used so simply. - Page 151 - Robin: The people who made the Poneglyphs are supposed to be the only ones who could use this script... "Keep thy motives in heart, with closed mouth." "We are those who control history"... "With the ringing of the great belfry..." That's right, Norland's journal said there was a giant golden bell here. All the books in the city were burned... The city's history was eradicated...!! {A Poneglyph was brought to this city!! I'm sure of it...!!! This city fought against some kind of "hostility"...!!!} - Page 152 - Robin: {THE GOLDEN CITY SHANDORA FOUGHT TO PROTECT A PONEGLYPH, AND WAS DESTROYED. "The belfry inbetween the four altars". ...it's not here...} - Page 153 - Robin: {If it was with the belfry and the golden bell... then I can't expect to find the Poneglyph.} Such a glorious city... And it fought to protect "history"...!!! What happened to this world in the past...? ...are those truck rails...?! Signs that something was taken away. They're still new. The anon


 * Makes indeed way more sense this way. And Klobis agrees too, looking at his edits.

I was puzzled too about considering the first wall a Poneglyph... wouldn't be simpler if we just refer to the first one simply as the "firs ancient text found"? Because that was just an ancient text on a wall, a Poneglyph is defined as an ancient text on a indestructible stone block.

Does the article really has to be locked? Is it the only way we have to prevent SeaTerror from inserting false information? What impressive power he has!

Update
I did a long overdue (like 2 years overdue) update to this page to make it match other pages within the wikia. I'm sorry it took 2 years for me to do this, I'm starting to attempt to catch up on wikia editing, although please respect I never wrote everything down and the missing stuff I'm adding is coming along as I remember them.

I'm sorry, I used to be a regulaur and I fell behind to nuture another wikia. Now the wikia is running itself better, I'm more free to come and edit this one again. I'm not good at multi-tasking. Please bare with me, I've alwasys been a bit clumsey at editing and I'm prone to mispellings and gramas. T_T One-Winged Hawk 18:32, January 18, 2012 (UTC)


 * Added trivia, I'm done for now. You can debate if the trivia is good enough, they are just really examples more then anything.  One-Winged Hawk 19:08, January 18, 2012 (UTC)

I'm going to put the poneglyphs into table format... bare with me, it takes a while to do... -_-' One-Winged Hawk 18:45, January 24, 2012 (UTC)


 * Done... Needs further editing but by another editor with perhaps some slightly different ideas to work with? ^_^' One-Winged Hawk 19:06, January 24, 2012 (UTC)

Umh... Why is the Shandora ruins text back as "ponyglyph"? It wasn't a poneglyph - Robin however stated it had the same lettering. -- [ defchris ] · [ Diskussion ] · 22:42, March 16, 2013 (UTC)

I keep trying to change the page because the funimation version does not refer to poneglyphs as "ponegliffs", but for some reason it keeps getting changed back. I am simply trying to correct a mistake I see, and I even double checked one One Piece Official to make sure this was the case72.192.203.104 17:29, July 21, 2013 (UTC)

in episode 102, during alabaster, luffy, zoro and chopper fall in some unerground ruins, and this apears to be the first ever seen poneglyph. maybe this one has some important infromation. i just thought since it was the first one to be seen, and i cant find any other information anywhere about it that it would be an important thing to add. i was thinking since it was so well hiden this could have some information on the void century, to bad knowone told robin about this place.

I.d.g.a.f.o.s (talk) 02:03, August 13, 2013 (UTC)

That's non-canon. 02:04, August 13, 2013 (UTC)

reference #5 is actually chapter 301 not 201, but i cant seem to change it as a causal reader

Jinbes discovery
We should probably add the poneglyph from Jinbes cover story into the table of known poneglyphs. 114.78.160.29 12:07, February 26, 2015 (UTC)

We will, as soon as there's a non-modified image available.

12:53, February 26, 2015 (UTC)

Arabasta Poneglyph #2
(This is from the anime, I've alreadt confirmed it's not in the manga)

When wandering through the desert, Zoro, Luffy and Chopper become lost, and fall into a ruined, buried dome. This contains another poneglyph. (Episode 102)

77.169.195.82 23:50, March 14, 2015 (UTC)

Layout and Misconceptions
First of all, why does this article follow the Character Page layout? "Appearance" I can sort of understand, but "Abilities and Powers"...? Might as well add a "Personality" section while we're at it. But seriously, the current sections are really messy with new information just being piled at the end of the Abities and Powers section.

Secondly, as already discussed on this talk page, the text in the Shandora ruins is not a poneglyph. The translation posted above makes it clear that it just uses the same writing. It definitely deserves a mention, but should not be listed as a poneglyph.

And lastly, the way the poneglyph types are divided in the list section is wrong. Robin stated that the two types are "poneglyphs that carry information" and "poneglyphs that point to the location of the former". The Skypiea Poneglyph was explicitly stated to be one that carries information, hence Roger's message about carrying the passage along and Robin concluding that it's part of the Rio Poneglyph. 11:13, March 5, 2016 (UTC)

I agree that the layout is a bit.. odd. What do you suggest we change it to? It could work imo if we just erased "abilities" from the section and just leave "Powers" or maybe change it to "Uses" or "Properties" or something like that. And yes, that thing in Shandora was not a poneglyph, only the bell one is. And I guess we could categorise the poneglyph like you said. 11:44, March 5, 2016 (UTC)

Yes, "Abilities" seems a bit too much, if they don't do anything themselves. "Overview" or "Properties" seems more appropriate. 17:42, March 5, 2016 (UTC)

Since there's only 2 types, it should be divided into something like Message and Road Poneglyphs. --Sarutobii2 (talk) 17:56, March 5, 2016 (UTC)

Well then we shall go ahead and re-do the page

Joekido (talk) 19:05, March 5, 2016 (UTC)

Road Poneglyphs make it 3, Robin didn't know about them back when she made that statement. So it's Historical, Instructional (to the locations of the former) and Road. Pretty sure Joy Boy's poneglyph simply falls under Historical despite its more personal tone. But the point is that the Pluton and Poseidon poneglyphs are listed wrong; they're historical texts, not poneglyphs that tell the location of other poneglyphs. 19:17, March 5, 2016 (UTC)

Are we done here? If so, let's remove the active discussion template. 04:20, August 8, 2016 (UTC)

Jinbe's poneglyph the same as Big Mom's?
I can't remember any of the dialogue relating to this and am just going off my read of this article. We have one that Big Mom owns in the Road Poneglyphs section. We have one that Jinbe found and then gave to Big Mom in the Road Poneglyphs section. At the very least is seems like there's a possibility that these are one and the same. Perhaps if I could remember how they were mentioned in the manga itself I could even say if it was a very obvious implication or not. Tropxe (talk) 00:32, September 13, 2016 (UTC)

They are separate Poneglyphs. Jinbe's is in a different section because it's purpose is unknown (history, instruction); it's not a Road Poneglyph. Dragonus Nesha (talk) 04:13, September 13, 2016 (UTC)

It would be impossible for them to be the same one since Jinbe found his during the events of Dressrosa. SeaTerror (talk) 05:41, September 13, 2016 (UTC)

Historical vs Instructional Poneglyphs
The Poneglyphs in Arabasta and Skypiea are Historical (information) Poneglyphs. I don't know from where did you get that they were "Instructional" (probably from a badly translated scanlation of chapter 301). Instructional Poneglyphs only tell clues about where to find other Poneglyphs (that means that we haven't actually seen any Instructional Poneglyph yet).



Viz:



Be more careful next time, you removed the categories too. I'm not sure myself at the moment, but I think our current "categorization" of Poneglyphs is wrong, here's why:
 * I think the article currently states Alabasta & Shandora Poneglyphs are "instructional" because they tell where are the weapons. However I do agree that wasn't the definition of instructional Poneglyphs, since it's "a Poneglyph which tells where others are located", and those two don't fit that definition since they "hold" the informations and as you pointed out Robin herself says so.
 * We kinda just said that historical Poneglyphs are those that holds informations mentioned by robin at skypiea, but I disagree. Historical Poneglyphs are "Poneglyphs that holds informations", but "Poneglyphs that holds informations" are not necessary historical Poneglyphs. A historical Poneglyphs is a "Poneglyph that holds informations" about the history of the void century. So historical Poneglyphs should be actually a subclass of those "Poneglyphs that holds informations". With these definitions, I would consider Fishmen Island, Shandora and Alabasta just "Poneglyphs that holds informations"; the two road Poneglyphs of Zo and Big Mom; Ohara's would be the only historical Poneglyphs and there would be no known "instructional Poneglyphs". The function of the three unknown ones would still be unknown. I mean, let's think about it: out of 30 Poneglyphs, 9 would be historical and 17 instructional? Isn't that too much?


 * Btw, where the name "historical Poneglyphs" comes from again, that I forgot? Did we just made it up?

I brought this up earlier but it seems the page wasn't fixed. Anyway, the types are as follows
 * "Stones that hold information". Latest chapter clarified there's 9 and explicitly labels them as the "Rio Ponegplyh" (which is formed by putting them together).
 * Alabasta, Shandora, Ohara, Fishman Island
 * Road Poneglyphs. 4 of them.
 * Zo, Big Mom, Kaido
 * Poneglyphs that point to the location of the ones that hold information. The rest of them, meaning 17.
 * Currently none known.

"Historical" and "instructional are made-up terms for the 1st and 3rd. We can now just call the ones with info parts of the Rio Poneglyph. 03:35, November 19, 2016 (UTC)

Latest chapter only specified that there are nine that talk about the history, not that there are only nine that holds informations. This is what I'm objecting. Basically I'm saying that the affirmation that the "rio Poneglyphs" are the only Poneglyphs that holds informations, or rather that are not instructional Poneglyphs, is a speculation on our side. I do not consider the location of two weapons and a letter of apology relevant for the history. Ohara's Poneglyphs actually talked about the void century, unlike the other three. Otherwise we are basically telling that Nico Robin already read a third of the rio Poneglyph, yet she said she didn't learn anything about history. Granted, you have to read them "together", but that's because each one of them tell a piece of history. Those three don't talk about history. This is what doesn't add up for me.

Tamago in most recent chap: [of the 30ish poneglyphs out there], 9 hold "information".

Diagram on spread: Highlights 9 stones and labels them as Rio Poneglyph

So yea what kage said 04:03, November 19, 2016 (UTC)

But doesn't he say that "9 hold informations they need"? That is the crucial part.

No, not in the raw. I think the translation says that because 9 contain information that will reveal "truth" when they finally arrive at Raftel, while the rest (other than the road poneglyphs) just point out where other poneglyphs are or whatever. 04:11, November 19, 2016 (UTC)

So JOP's translation confirms, only 9 hold information.

Also, Levi, the passage on Sky Island was explictly said to be one that had to be taken to Raftel. Both Roger's message and Robin confirm this, it's definitely part of the 9. 04:15, November 19, 2016 (UTC)

Joyboy still doesn't convince me, however ok then.

Where since Chapter 272 Robin says the Shandora ruins writing wasn't a poneglyph? She explicitly read about the bell poneglyph there so isn't it instructional? And Robin herself said in Chapter 301 she suspect the bell poneglyph that talk about Poseidon was historical so way wasn't the Alabasta one that talk about Pluton? It should go: For all we know Tamago got his information wrong and he doesn't know about the hidden poneglyph that are mention in the trivia so there could be way more then 30 poneglyphs. There could be more historical stones and nine of them is the Rio but that doesn't mean there are just nine historical. Rhavkin (talk) 07:19, November 19, 2016 (UTC)
 * Historical: Alabasta, golden bell, Ohara, and Ryugu
 * Instructional: Shandora ruins
 * Road: Zou, WCI, Kaido, and lost
 * Unknown: forst, and WCIx2

I thought it was stated that the Rio Poneglyph is the true history one that is only on Raftel. SeaTerror (talk) 09:03, November 19, 2016 (UTC)

I wouldn't consider Joy Boy's one a rio poneglyph, better mark it as undetermined for now. 11:33, November 19, 2016 (UTC)

Robin on Shandora ruins: "It can't be... // How could someone write this much // with the ancient language of the poneglyphs? // The only people who could use this language should be the ones who created the poneglyphs..." (thanks JOP). She's surprised because the same writing is used for something that's not a poneglyph.

About Joy Boy's poneglyph, Robin said it would contain important info about Void Century, and it did since the whole Joy Boy and promise thing happened during that time. 23:11, November 19, 2016 (UTC)

Road vs Lode
It has been brought to my attention that it might be the case that "Road Poneglyph" is actually supposed to be "Lode Poneglyph". Has the term ever been written in Latin letters? • Seelentau 愛 議 21:14, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

I don't think it has. 22:58, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

This might be related but is Lodestar Island supposed to be Lode, or is it Road. The "Road" in Road Poneglyph and "Lode" in Lodestar Island are the same Japanese symbols.Nightmare Pirates (talk) 23:02, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

Read the trivia on that page. 23:07, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

So basing this off of that exact same word, would it be too much of a stretch to rename "Road Poneglyph" to "Lode Poneglyph"? The former is a fan name after all. See Raftell vs Laugh Tale. Of course Lodestar could be a fan name too, but seeing how VIZ uses it too, I'd give it more credibility over "Roadstar" and thus "Road Poneglyph". • Seelentau 愛 議 23:12, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

The question is whether we should make the assumption that there's a connection between the name of the island and the name of the Poneglyphs. There's no obligation to do anything as long as a connection isn't confirmed and 'Road/Lode Poneglyphs' aren't given an official spelling. So it's just up to personal judgement right now. It would be simpler to leave everything as is until we learn more. 23:36, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

Very true. After all, "Road Poneglyph" is also missing the Kanji, from what I know. But then again, isn't "Lodestar" vs "Road Star" personal judgement as well? As I mentioned on your talk page, even I translated it as such initially. Of course "Lodestar" is the actual term for such a star, but what if Oda named it "Road Star" as a connection to "Road Poneglyph"? • Seelentau 愛 議 23:42, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

While I do understand the reasoning for drawing connections in their names, I'm not fully sold quite yet. "Lode" is an obsolete word for road, and Lodestar does derive from it...my main issue is that currently these Poneglyphs aren't established to have any connection to Lodestar Island. Kaido King of the Beasts (talk) 23:46, December 22, 2019 (UTC)

If there's a connection, then 'Lode' would be more logical. But the fewest assumptions is to consider them separately right now, in which case there are no grounds for renaming. 00:05, December 23, 2019 (UTC)

I think it's pretty clear that you're meant to find out about the Lode Poneglyphs after reaching Lodestar, Inuarashi even mentions as much in volume 82. It's meant to guid the journey beyond Lodestar and functions just like a lode star like the north star would, it shows the way forward. I think it's pretty clearly meant to be Lode now we know of Lodestar, but both names work fine. Rice-grain (talk) 19:12, December 28, 2019 (UTC)

Roger and the Rio Poneglyph
From the article:
 * but Silvers Rayleigh notes that they may have interpreted what they learned incorrectly because they did not possess the intellect of Clover or the other scholars of Ohara. However, this is questionable given that the Roger Pirates had Kozuki Oden, who possessed the knowledge on how to read and write the language on the Poneglyph.
 * In order to find it, one must take all other passages from the other Poneglyphs with them on their travels. Gol D. Roger seemed to have accomplished this task, according to Rayleigh. According to Tamago, the Rio Poneglyph is in fact composed of only nine Poneglyphs.

In chapter 967 Oden said that they took all four road PG and several real PG (those with information), not all of them. This then can explain well why what Rayleigh said, since they didn't have all pieces of information they couldn't understand correctly the history of the world. So Roger did not actually found all of them (well it's quite improbable that they had access to the one found by jinbe in the ocean or the one kept at ohara, for example). So I believe we should correct those statements. 20:22, August 12, 2020 (UTC)

We are talking about this page right? If so, saying they read several does not necessarily mean they do not read all.

Assuming Tamago is right and there are just 30 PG, minus the four Road, 26 are several. Also, where does it even say that Roger found all of them? What you said might be the reason for Rayleigh comment, but it still a speculation. Rhavkin (talk) 04:05, August 13, 2020 (UTC)

On the other hand, Rayleigh claims that they learned "everything", which would be a strange thing to say if they knew they were missing pieces of the information. 08:22, August 13, 2020 (UTC)